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Clinical and Morphological Features of Primary Pulmonary Hypertension: The Analysis of Two Cases from Practice
Iryna Viktorivna Sorokina,
Igor Volodymyrovych Kuznetsov,
Iryna Vasylivna Borzenkova,
Yuliia Igorivna Maslova,
Mykhailo Sergiyovych Myroshnychenko,
Galyna Mykolayivna Saldan,
Vitaliy Leonidovych Levinskiy,
Olexiy Oleksandrovych Lyubchenko
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
112-116
Received:
1 April 2017
Accepted:
18 May 2017
Published:
26 October 2017
Abstract: Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease of unknown etiology, which is diagnosed in cases when examination of the patient with high blood pressure in the pulmonary artery does not allow determining its causes. The authors of this article analyze the literature data about primary pulmonary hypertension and report two cases from practice of this pathology. In one case of autopsy of 32-year-old woman primary pulmonary hypertension has been established during the investigation of autopsy material and in another case of autopsy of 52-year-old man this disease has been diagnosed during life. The description of the current state of the problem of primary pulmonary hypertension will be interesting to doctors of any specialization and will also allow to improve of physicians knowledge about this pathology.
Abstract: Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease of unknown etiology, which is diagnosed in cases when examination of the patient with high blood pressure in the pulmonary artery does not allow determining its causes. The authors of this article analyze the literature data about primary pulmonary hypertension and report two cases from practice of t...
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Anti-diabetic Drugs Utilization in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in AL-Nasiriya Governorate / Iraq
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
117-124
Received:
28 August 2017
Accepted:
9 October 2017
Published:
10 November 2017
Abstract: To study the utilization pattern of anti-diabetic drugs in type 2 diabetic patients and to evaluate the association of diabetes with demographic details and it's metabolic control. The study was carried out on 100 type 2 diabetic patients who visited AL- Nasiriya center for diabetes and endocrinology. Demographic details and complete prescriptions drugs, FBS (fasting blood sugar), HbA1c and BMI (body mass index) were recorded. A total of 100 type 2 diabetic patients, 27(27%) were males and 73(73%) were females. The greatest number of patients, 43%, were in the age group of 51-60 years. Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) were found in 51% of patients especially females 45(61.3%). Poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 9) were found in 65% of the patients. Oral anti-diabetic drugs were prescribed in 53%, 16(60%) were males and 37 (50.6%) were females. Biguanide (metformin) alone, 22%, was the most common anti-diabetic drugs prescribed. Biguanides (metformin) and sulfonylurea combination, 19%, was the commonest anti-diabetic drugs combination. Insulin preparations alone were used in 23% of the patients and Novomix was the commonest type (10%). We concluded that oral anti-diabetic drugs were the most common prescribing drugs. Metformin was the commonest prescribing anti-diabetic drugs. Metformin and sulfonylurea being the most frequent combination prescribed. There were increasing in the use on insulin preparations in the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients. In achieving optimal glycemic control, the efficacy of anti-diabetic drugs was only 10%, planning of more intensification anti-diabetic treatment is necessary.
Abstract: To study the utilization pattern of anti-diabetic drugs in type 2 diabetic patients and to evaluate the association of diabetes with demographic details and it's metabolic control. The study was carried out on 100 type 2 diabetic patients who visited AL- Nasiriya center for diabetes and endocrinology. Demographic details and complete prescriptions ...
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Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia Following Consumption of Sauropus androgynus
Rong-Hsin Yang,
Shan-Fan Yao,
Yum-Kung Chu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
125-128
Received:
6 January 2017
Accepted:
25 January 2017
Published:
28 November 2017
Abstract: Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a rare disorder affecting the small airways, alveoli and the walls of small bronchi. This form of lung injury involves inflammation and stiffening of lung areas with organized tissue. There are several known causes of BOOP, and several systemic disorders have BOOP as an associated primary pulmonary lesion. An outbreak of BOOP among young women has been publicly reported in Taiwan from late 1994 and onward. The source of the illness was traced to the consumption of Sauropus androgynus. Herein, we describe a case of a 28-year-old woman who developed a rapid pulmonary toxicity after drinking fresh S. androgynus purée daily for a period of two months, as an alleged regimen for weight reduction. Ga-67 citrate imaging portrayed the inflammatory status in her eyes, parotids and lungs. Pathological pattern of open-lung biopsy specimens was characteristic of BOOP. The toxicity is believed related to alkaloid papaverine contained in the plant. Bioactive principles of S. androgynus and pathogenetic mechanism underlying BOOP remain unidentified.
Abstract: Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a rare disorder affecting the small airways, alveoli and the walls of small bronchi. This form of lung injury involves inflammation and stiffening of lung areas with organized tissue. There are several known causes of BOOP, and several systemic disorders have BOOP as an associated primary pulm...
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Therapeutic Benefit of Addition of Cetirizine to Ambroxol in Fixed Dose Combination in the Treatment of Productive Cough in Children: A Prospective, Multi-center Study
Amit Garg,
Bharath Venkata Ramisetty,
Nirmal Choraria,
Kirti Sisodiya,
Monidipa Banerjee,
Shyam Akku
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
129-135
Received:
28 January 2017
Accepted:
14 February 2017
Published:
28 November 2017
Abstract: Productive cough is a common problem in children and is accompanied by disruption of sleep and routine daily activities leading to a deterioration in quality of life. We evaluated the efficacy, safety and tolerability of cetirizine and ambroxol fixed dose combination (FDC) as compared with ambroxol in these patients. We conducted open-label, prospective, multicenter study attending outpatient department with cough ≥12 hours; were screened to receive either cetirizine and ambroxol FDC (AC group) or ambroxol alone (AX group). Primary efficacy variables were evaluation of total symptom score (TSS) for cough and secondary efficacy variables included evaluation of total nasal symptom score (TNSS); assessment of cough frequency; number of awakenings due to cough; and time to complete relief. Out of 250 children included, 246 completed the study with a statistically significant improvement in TSS from baseline to day 3 (p=0.029) and day 7 (p=0.048) in the AC group as compared with AX group. Improvement in TNSS was better in the AC group from baseline to day 3 (p<0.0001) and day 7 (p=0.016) as compared with the AX group. Greater proportion of children in the AC group recovered completely from cough by day 7 (97.67%) as compared with the AX group (78.63%). As side effects, only two children of the AC group experienced mild AEs (drowsiness). We thus conclude that FDC demonstrated improved efficacy and safety and was well tolerated as compared with ambroxol alone in children with productive cough.
Abstract: Productive cough is a common problem in children and is accompanied by disruption of sleep and routine daily activities leading to a deterioration in quality of life. We evaluated the efficacy, safety and tolerability of cetirizine and ambroxol fixed dose combination (FDC) as compared with ambroxol in these patients. We conducted open-label, prospe...
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Prevalence and Intensity of Infection of Gastrointestinal Helminths of Inmates in the Bamenda Central Prison, North West Region of Cameroon
Mbong Erica Malla,
V. Khan Payne,
Megwi Leonelle,
Etung Kollins,
Yamssi Cedric,
Mpoame Mbida
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
136-142
Received:
3 April 2017
Accepted:
20 April 2017
Published:
26 December 2017
Abstract: Helminths are soil transmitted nematodes with life cycles that involve no intermediate host or vector and are among the most prevalent of chronic human infections worldwide. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection of gastrointestinal helminths among inmates in the Bamenda Central Prison, Mezam Division, North West Region of Cameroon. Three hundred and ninety three (393) stool samples were collected from (385 males and 8 females) inmates aged 16 to 84 years in 14 Cells inside the prison between a period of September 2014 and February 2015. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of stool samples were carried out using the Flotation and McMaster techniques respectively. Of the 393 number of stool samples examined, 27 (6.87%) persons were positive with at least one helminth infection. From the results obtained, three species of nematodes were detected with a prevalence rate of 5.08% for Necator americanus (Hookworm), 1.27% for Ascaris lumbricoides and 0.51% for Trichuris trichiura. Out of the 385 stool samples collected from males, 26 (6.61%) were positive for nematode infections. Amongst females, only one had a nematode infection with a prevalence rate of 0.26%. The mean intensity for Necator americanus, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura was 370±611.81, 130±115.11 and 75±35.35 egg per gram of faeces respectively. The degree of infection was light for both Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, and moderate for Necator americanus. The trend of infection was low in Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, but high in Necator americanus. The prevalence of these parasites was very high in cells A and B than in the other cells. Multiple infections were more common amongst the inmates than single infections with the older inmates more infected than the younger ones. These results showed that gastrointestinal helminths vary in relation to different Prison cells and age of the inmates. There should therefore be need to educate the prison population on Health education and practice of hygienic habits, in order to fight effectively against these diseases in the inmate community.
Abstract: Helminths are soil transmitted nematodes with life cycles that involve no intermediate host or vector and are among the most prevalent of chronic human infections worldwide. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection of gastrointestinal helminths among inmates in the Bamenda Central Prison, Mezam Division,...
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