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Evaluation of the Etiological Factors in Optic Neuropathies with Visual Loss
Musa Yigit,
Levent Tok,
Ozlem Yalcın Tok,
Yavuz Bardak
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
79-82
Received:
7 May 2022
Accepted:
25 June 2022
Published:
13 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajim.20221004.11
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Abstract: Our purpose was to evaluate the etiological of patients who are followed up with optic neuropathy in our clinic. Optic neuritis is the inflammation of the optic nerve. Neuropathy is named like anterior optic neuritis or papillitis, retrobulber neuritis and neuroretinitis, according to the location of the inflamation on the optic nerve. The most common cause of optic neuropathy under the age of 50 is optic neuritis, and above the age of 50 years is nonarteritic optic neuropathy. Optic neuropathy is defined as the decrease of visual function due to inflammatory lesion of the optic nerve. The patient with optic neuropathy has to be evaluated clinically but also with multidisciplinary techniques (radiological imaging methods optic cohorence tomography, visual evoked potentials, cerebrospinal fluid examination) because optic neuropathy could be the presenting symptom in multiple sclerosis patients and these patients should be followed by the neurologist in order to signal the appearance of new neurological signs. In our clinic, 50 patients who were diagnosed with optic neuropathy between April 2015 and May 2017 were examined, retrospectively. As a result of this, optic neuropathy etiology differs between age groups, ischemic factors come into prominence especially in older ages and gender predisposition is not seen.
Abstract: Our purpose was to evaluate the etiological of patients who are followed up with optic neuropathy in our clinic. Optic neuritis is the inflammation of the optic nerve. Neuropathy is named like anterior optic neuritis or papillitis, retrobulber neuritis and neuroretinitis, according to the location of the inflamation on the optic nerve. The most com...
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Hypokalemic Paralysis as a Presenting Symptom of Dengue Fever: A Case Series
Keshu Jindal,
Bhatt Shrey Nandkishor,
Sai Kiran,
Urja Bhatt
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
83-85
Received:
20 June 2022
Accepted:
18 July 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajim.20221004.12
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Abstract: Dengue virus is one of the leading causes of viral hemorrhagic fever, especially in tropics countries like India. It can manifest from being asymptomatic to life-threatening complications. Although it is considered a non-neurotropic virus, there has been increasing evidence of neurological complications associated with the dengue virus. It is one of the leading causes of death in tropical and subtropical regions. The neurological involvements include Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis, Transverse Myelitis, Guillan-Barre Syndrome and Encephalitis. Here, we wished to investigate an unusual increase in cases of quadriparesis following fever. We report 3 such cases of acute onset proximal and distal symmetric pure motor reversible flaccid quadriparesis due to hypokalemia in dengue fever patients, who recovered completely on treatment. Thus, recognition and early treatment for hypokalemia in such patients must be undertaken to avoid complications.
Abstract: Dengue virus is one of the leading causes of viral hemorrhagic fever, especially in tropics countries like India. It can manifest from being asymptomatic to life-threatening complications. Although it is considered a non-neurotropic virus, there has been increasing evidence of neurological complications associated with the dengue virus. It is one o...
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Triamcinolone Acetonide, Biologics and Anti-rheumatic Drug Prevent Destruction of Larsen Grade III and IV Wrist Joint in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Akihiro Fukui,
Yamada Hideki
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
86-91
Received:
29 July 2022
Accepted:
12 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajim.20221004.13
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Abstract: Objectives: In Grade III and IV of advanced wrist joint destruction in RA patients, the combination of triamcinolone acetonide injection, biologics and anti-rheumatic drug use was investigated by X-ray examination to check if joint destruction progressed in an average of 5.9 years. Methods: We unilaterally injected 20 mg of triamcinolone acetonide and 5 mL of 1% lidocaine hydrochloride of RA patients. Changes in the X-ray image were compared between the time of the first visit and at the end of the investigation. Only triamcinolone acetonide injection patients were Group (A), and the number of patients was 35 patients and 53 wrists. Triamcinolone acetonide injection and biologics patients were Group (B), and the number of patients was 21 cases and 33 wrists. Group (C) was only taking anti-rheumatic drug cases in 23 patients and 33 wrists, and Group (D) was only biologics in 21 patients and 33 wrists. The total number of grade III and IV of Larsen classification were 100 patients and 152 wrists. Results: In Group (A), RRA changed only a one-side test, and showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) indicating progression, but no significant differences were observed a two-side test. There was no significant difference in Group (B), (C) and (D). Conclusions: It is thought that the slow progress of wrist joint destruction on X-rays is due to the fact that it is not a load joint. If wrist joint destruction did not progress, there was an opportunity to increase the number of injections, the degree of swelling and pain could be reduced.
Abstract: Objectives: In Grade III and IV of advanced wrist joint destruction in RA patients, the combination of triamcinolone acetonide injection, biologics and anti-rheumatic drug use was investigated by X-ray examination to check if joint destruction progressed in an average of 5.9 years. Methods: We unilaterally injected 20 mg of triamcinolone acetonide ...
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